Official name: Islami Jamhuriya Pakistan (Islamic Republic of Pakistan).
Form of government: Military-backed Democratic Republic
Constitutional regime with two
Legislative houses (Senate [100];
National Assembly [342]).
Chiefs of state and government:
President1 assisted by Prime Minister.
Capital: Islamabad.
Official language: Urdu.
Official religion: Islam.
Monetary unit: 1 Pakistan rupee
(PRs) = 100 paisa; valuation
(Sept. 1, 2005) 1 U.S. $ = PRs 59.72;
1 £ = PRs 109.95.
Demography
Population (2005)3: 153,960,000.
Density (2005)2, 3: persons per sq mi 500.9, persons per sq km 193.4.
Urban-rural (2002)3, 4: urban 38.0%; rural 62.0%.
Sex distribution (2004)3, 4: male 52.04%; female 47.96%.
Age breakdown (2003): under 15, 42.2%; 15–29, 27.9%; 30–44, 15.2%; 45–59,
9.3%; 60–74, 4.3%; 75 and over, 1.1%.
Population projection3: (2010) 169,153,000; (2020) 204,184,000.
Doubling time: 30 years.
Ethnic composition (2000): Punjabi 52.6%; Pashtun 13.2%; Sindhi 11.7%;
Urdu-speaking Muhajirs 7.5%; Balochi 4.3%; other 10.7%.
Religious affiliation (2000): Muslim 96.1%5; Christian 2.5%; Hindu 1.2%; others
(including Ahmadiyah) 0.2%.
Major cities (1998): Karachi 9,339,023; Lahore 5,143,495; Faisalabad 2,008,861;
Rawalpindi 1,409,768; Multan 1,197,384; Hyderabad 1,166,894; Gujranwala
1,132,509; Peshawar 982,816; Quetta 565,137; Islamabad 529,180.
Vital statistics
Birth rate per 1,000 population (2003): 32.0 (world avg. 21.1).
Death rate per 1,000 population (2003): 8.9 (world avg. 9.0).
Natural increase rate per 1,000 population (2003): 23.1 (world avg. 12.1).
Total fertility rate (avg. births per childbearing woman; 2003): 4.4.
Life expectancy at birth (2003): male 61.3 years; female 63.1 years.
Major cause of death (percentage of total deaths; 1987): malaria 18.2%; childhood diseases 12.1%; diseases of digestive system 9.8%; diseases of respiratory system 9.2%; infection of intestinal tract 7.7%.
National economy
Budget (2001–02). Revenue: PRs 632,799,000,000 (sales tax 26.9%, nontax
Receipts 26.0%, income taxes 22.4%, customs duties 8.0%, excise taxes 7.4%).
Expenditures: PRs 773,289,000,000 (public-debt service 41.4%, defense
19.6%, development 16.1%, general administration 6.6%).
Public debt (external, outstanding; 2004–05): U.S. $34,874,000,000.
Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry, fishing 2004):
sugarcane 53,419,000, wheat 19,767,000, rice 7,486,500, seed cotton 7,350,000, corn (maize) 2,775,000, potatoes 1,854,700, onions 1,657,900, chickpeas 548,000; livestock (number of live animals) 54,700,000 goats, 25,500,000 buffalo, 24,700,000 sheep, 23,800,000 cattle, 800,000 camels, 160,000,000 chickens; round wood 28,277,956 cu m; fish catch (2003) 564,743. Mining and quarrying (2003): limestone 12,000,000; rock salt 1,700,000; gypsum 397,000; silica sand 175,000; chromite 13,000. Manufacturing (2003–04): cement 12,957,000; urea 4,432,000; refined sugar 4,021,000; cotton yarn 1,935,000; vegetable ghee 957,000; jute textiles (2002–03) 93,800; cotton textiles 664,600,000 sq m; cigarettes 55,180,000,000 units; tires 1,900,000 units; bicycles 664,000 units. Energy production (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 2003) 75,270,-000,000 (52,660,000,000); coal (metric tons; 2002) 3,180,000 (4,130,000); crude
petroleum (barrels; 2004) 22,000,000 (133,000,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 2002) 7,900,000 (18,000,000); natural gas (cu m; 2002) 22,996,000,000 (22,996,000,000).
Land use as % of total land area (2000): in temporary crops 27.6%, in permanent crops 0.9%, in pasture 6.5%; overall forest area 3.1%.
Population economically active (2001–02): total 42,388,000; activity rate of total population 29.6% (participation rates: ages 15–64, 51.6%; female 16.1%; unemployed [2004] 8.3%).
Gross national product (2004): U.S. $90,663,000,000 (U.S. $600 per capita).
Household income and expenditure (1998–99). Average household size (2003) 6.8; income per household PRs 81,444 (U.S. $441); sources of income: self-employment 40.9%, wages and salaries 32.3%, transfer payments 11.3%, other 15.5%; expenditure: food 49.1%, housing 20.9%, clothing 7.8%, education 3.6%, transportation and communications 3.3%, recreation 0.2%.
Tourism (2003): receipts U.S. $120,000,000; expenditures U.S. $924,000,000.
Foreign trade
Imports (2004–05): U.S. $20,598,000,000 (machinery and apparatus 22.5%; chemicals and chemical products 13.7%; crude petroleum 10.4%; refined petroleum 9.4%; food and oils 6.8%; road motor vehicles 5.2%). Major import sources (2004): China 10.7%; U.S. 9.8%; U.A.E. 9.4%; Saudi Arabia 9.2%; Japan 6.7%.
Exports (2004–05): U.S. $14,391,000,000 (textiles 58.8%, of which woven cotton fabric 12.9%, knitwear 11.3%, bedding 10.1%, ready-made garments 7.5%, cotton yarn 7.3%; rice 6.5%; leather products 3.7%; petroleum products 3.4%).
Major export destinations: U.S. 20.7%; U.A.E. 10.8%; U.K. 6.9%;
Germany 5.0%; Saudi Arabia 4.5%.
Transport and communications
Transport. Railroads (2002–03): route length 7,791 km; passenger-km
(2004–05) 17,879,920,000; metric ton-km cargo (2002–03) 5,604,720,000.
Roads (2004–05): total length 161,406 mi, 259,758 km (paved 63%). Vehicles (2003): passenger cars 1,377,165; trucks and buses 341,840. Air transport (2002–03): passenger-km 11,203,364; metric ton-km cargo 357,300,000; airports (1997) 35.
Education and health
Educational attainment (1990). Percentage of population age 25 and over having: no formal schooling 73.8%; some primary education 9.7%; secondary 14.0%; postsecondary 2.5%. Literacy (2004–05): total population age 15 and over literate 53.0%; males literate 65.0%; females literate 40.0%.
Health (2004): physicians 113,206 (1 per 1,347 persons); hospital beds 99,908 (1 per 1,527 persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (2003) 76.6.
Food (2002): daily per capita caloric intake 2,419 (vegetable products 82%,
animal products 18%); 105% of FAO recommended minimum.
Military
Total active duty personnel (2004): 619,0009 (army 88.8%, navy 3.9%, air force 7.3%).
Military expenditure as percentage of GDP (2003): 4.4%; per capita
expenditure U.S. $24.
1Military leader (from October 1999) who was sworn in as president in June 2001.
2Excludes 32,494-sq-mi (84,159-sq-km) area of Pakistani-administered Jammu and Kashmir (comprising both Azad Kashmir [AK] and the Northern Areas [NA]).
3Excludes Afghan refugees (2005; 950,000) and the populations of AK (2005; 3,250,000) and NA (2005; 1,100,000). 4Excludes Federally Administered Tribal Areas.
5Mostly Sunni, with Shi (i comprising about 17% of total population. 6Taxes less subsidies.
7Unemployed. 8Import figures are f.o.b. in balance of trade and c.i.f. for commodities and trading partners. 9Excludes c. 290,000 in paramilitary (mostly national guard and frontier corps).
Internet resources for further information:
• Economic Survey, Ministry of Finance
http://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/home.htm
• Statistics Division: Government of Pakistan http://www.statpak.gov.pk
Area and population area2 population 2003
Provinces Capitals sq mi sq km estimate3
Balochistan Quetta 134,051 347,190 7,450,000
North-West Frontier Peshawar 28,773 74,521 20,170,000
Punjab Lahore 79,284 205,345 82,710,000
Sindh Karachi 54,407 140,914 34,240,000
Federally Administered
Tribal Areas ... 10,509 27,220 3,420,000
Federal Capital Area
Islamabad ... 350 906 1,040,000
TOTAL 307,374 796,096 149,030,000
Structure of gross domestic product and labour force
2003–04 2001–02
in value % of total labour % of labour
PRs ’000,000 value force force
Agriculture 1,174,586 21.5 16,366,000 38.6
Mining 84,539 1.6 26,000 0.1
Manufacturing 869,896 15.9 5,380,000 12.7
Construction 129,996 2.4 2,353,000 5.6
Public utilities 166,356 3.1 313,000 0.7
Transp. and commun. 656,957 12.0 2,295,000 5.4
Trade 897,097 16.4 5,776,000 13.6
Finance 142,533 2.6 346,000 0.8
PSeurbv.iacedsmin., defense 634215,,035065 116..70 6,027,000 14.2
Other 369,7426 6.86 3,506,0007 8.37
TOTAL 5,458,063 100.0 42,388,000 100.0
Price index (2000 = 100)
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Consumer price index 92.0 95.8 100.0 103.1 106.5 109.6 117.8
Balance of trade (current prices)
1999–2000 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05
U.S.$’000,000 –1,412 –1,269 –360 –359 –1,279 –4,515
% of total 7.9% 6.6% 1.9% 1.6% 4.9% 13.5%
Education (2000–01) student/
schools teachers students teacher ratio
Primary (age 5–9) 165,700 373,900 20,999,000 56.2
Secondary (age 10–14) 31,600 320,100 6,576,000 20.5
Voc., teacher tr. 580 7,062 75,000 10.6
Higher 1,187 41,673 1,067,999 25.6
Communications units
per 1,000
Medium date unit number persons
Daily newspapers 2004 circulation 7,818,000 51
Radio 2000 receivers 14,700,000 121
Television 2003 receivers 22,447,500 150
Telephones 2004 main lines 4,880,000 32
Cellular telephones 2004 subscribers 5,020,000 33
Personal computers 2001 units 600,000 4.1
Internet 2004 users 2,000,000 13
World Data E N C Y C L O P Æ D I A Britannica
Wednesday, December 19, 2007
Wednesday, November 28, 2007
QUOTATIONS
What is beautiful is not always good, but what is good is always beautiful
Unknown
Have patience with all this, but first of all with yourself.
St: Francis de Sales
Creativity is God’s gift to you. What you do with it is your gift to God.
Bob Moawad
Live simply so that others may simply live.
Gandhi
I pay no attention whatever to anybody’s praise or blame. I simply follow my own feelings.
Wolfgang A. Mozart
Man improves himself as he follows his path, if he stands still, waiting to improve before he makes a decision he’ll never move.
Paulo Codho
If one is without kindness, how can one be called a human being.
Sarda Devi
Days are scrolls: write on them only what you want remembered.
Bchya Ibn Pakuda
Laughter is the shortest distance between tow people.
Victor Borge
The only way to find the limits of the possible is by going beyond them to the impossible.
Arthur C. Clarke
There are victories of the soul and spirit. Sometimes, even if you lose, you win.
Elie Wiesel
Your most unhappy customers are your greatest source of learning.
Bill Gates
We are not here to be successful. We are here to be faithful.
Mother Teresa
What we have done for ourselves alone dies with us; what we have done for others and the world remains and is immortal.
Albert Pike
The fly cannot be driven away by getting angry at it.
African Proverb
Man’s heart away from nature becomes hard.
Standing Bear
Life can only be understood backwards, but must be lived forwards.
Soren Kierkegaard
All receive advice. Only the wise profit from it.
Syrus
What we need is more people who specialize in the impossible.
Theodore Roethke
Every exit is an entry somewhere else.
Tom Stoppard
It’s the things in common that make relationships enjoyable, but it’s the little difference that make them interesting.
Todd Ruthman
Nothing is so embarrassing as watching someone do something that you said couldn’t be done.
Sam Ewing
Each day we make deposits in the memory bank of our children
Charles Swindoll
Growth in wisdom may be exactly measured by decrease in bitterness
Friedrich Nietzsche
Whatever you are, be a good one.
Abraham Lincoln
Hope is like a road in the country; there wasn’t ever a road, but when many people walk on it, the road comes into existence.
Lin Yutang
It isn’t hard to be good from time to time. What’s tough is being good every day.
Willie Mays
Show me the man you honour, and I will know what kind of man you are.
Thomas Carlyle
When you dig another out of their troubles, you find a place to bury your own.
Anonymous
Great opportunities to help other seldom come, but small ones surround us every day.
Sally Koch
Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.
Frank Tyger
The art of being wise is the art of knowing what to overlook.
William James
A woman is like a tea bag; your never know how strong she is until she gets in hot water.
Nancy Reagan
The person who says it cannot be done should not interrupt the person who is doing it.
Chinese Proverb
The best way to predict your future is to create it.
Unknown
Try not to become a man of success. Rather become a man of value. Albert Einstein
If you don't run your own life, someone else will. John Atkinson
Bad habits are like a comfortable bed, easy to get into, but hard to get out of. Anonymous
Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Love yourself first and everything else falls into line. You really have to love yourself to get anything done in this world.
Lucille Ball
The young man knows the rules, but the old man knows the exceptions. Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.
Obstacles don’t have to stop you. If you run into a wall, don’t turn around and give up. Figure out how to climb it, go through it, or work around it. Michael Jordan
The only way to pass any test is to take the test. Anonymous
First a person should put his house together, then his town, then the world. Rabbi Israel Salanter
The more you prepare, the luckier you appear. Terry Josephson
Hard work spotlights the character of people: some turn up their sleeves, some turn up their noses, and some don't turn up at all. Sam Ewing
You can easily judge the character of a man by how he treats those who can do nothing for him. James D. Miles
I am a little pencil in the hand of a writing God who is sending a love letter to the world. Mother Teresa
The only way on earth to multiply happiness is to divide it. Paul Scherer
You have to have confidence in your ability, and then be tough enough to follow through. Rosalynn Carter
Unknown
Have patience with all this, but first of all with yourself.
St: Francis de Sales
Creativity is God’s gift to you. What you do with it is your gift to God.
Bob Moawad
Live simply so that others may simply live.
Gandhi
I pay no attention whatever to anybody’s praise or blame. I simply follow my own feelings.
Wolfgang A. Mozart
Man improves himself as he follows his path, if he stands still, waiting to improve before he makes a decision he’ll never move.
Paulo Codho
If one is without kindness, how can one be called a human being.
Sarda Devi
Days are scrolls: write on them only what you want remembered.
Bchya Ibn Pakuda
Laughter is the shortest distance between tow people.
Victor Borge
The only way to find the limits of the possible is by going beyond them to the impossible.
Arthur C. Clarke
There are victories of the soul and spirit. Sometimes, even if you lose, you win.
Elie Wiesel
Your most unhappy customers are your greatest source of learning.
Bill Gates
We are not here to be successful. We are here to be faithful.
Mother Teresa
What we have done for ourselves alone dies with us; what we have done for others and the world remains and is immortal.
Albert Pike
The fly cannot be driven away by getting angry at it.
African Proverb
Man’s heart away from nature becomes hard.
Standing Bear
Life can only be understood backwards, but must be lived forwards.
Soren Kierkegaard
All receive advice. Only the wise profit from it.
Syrus
What we need is more people who specialize in the impossible.
Theodore Roethke
Every exit is an entry somewhere else.
Tom Stoppard
It’s the things in common that make relationships enjoyable, but it’s the little difference that make them interesting.
Todd Ruthman
Nothing is so embarrassing as watching someone do something that you said couldn’t be done.
Sam Ewing
Each day we make deposits in the memory bank of our children
Charles Swindoll
Growth in wisdom may be exactly measured by decrease in bitterness
Friedrich Nietzsche
Whatever you are, be a good one.
Abraham Lincoln
Hope is like a road in the country; there wasn’t ever a road, but when many people walk on it, the road comes into existence.
Lin Yutang
It isn’t hard to be good from time to time. What’s tough is being good every day.
Willie Mays
Show me the man you honour, and I will know what kind of man you are.
Thomas Carlyle
When you dig another out of their troubles, you find a place to bury your own.
Anonymous
Great opportunities to help other seldom come, but small ones surround us every day.
Sally Koch
Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.
Frank Tyger
The art of being wise is the art of knowing what to overlook.
William James
A woman is like a tea bag; your never know how strong she is until she gets in hot water.
Nancy Reagan
The person who says it cannot be done should not interrupt the person who is doing it.
Chinese Proverb
The best way to predict your future is to create it.
Unknown
Try not to become a man of success. Rather become a man of value. Albert Einstein
If you don't run your own life, someone else will. John Atkinson
Bad habits are like a comfortable bed, easy to get into, but hard to get out of. Anonymous
Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Love yourself first and everything else falls into line. You really have to love yourself to get anything done in this world.
Lucille Ball
The young man knows the rules, but the old man knows the exceptions. Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.
Obstacles don’t have to stop you. If you run into a wall, don’t turn around and give up. Figure out how to climb it, go through it, or work around it. Michael Jordan
The only way to pass any test is to take the test. Anonymous
First a person should put his house together, then his town, then the world. Rabbi Israel Salanter
The more you prepare, the luckier you appear. Terry Josephson
Hard work spotlights the character of people: some turn up their sleeves, some turn up their noses, and some don't turn up at all. Sam Ewing
You can easily judge the character of a man by how he treats those who can do nothing for him. James D. Miles
I am a little pencil in the hand of a writing God who is sending a love letter to the world. Mother Teresa
The only way on earth to multiply happiness is to divide it. Paul Scherer
You have to have confidence in your ability, and then be tough enough to follow through. Rosalynn Carter
Tuesday, November 27, 2007
Protest against War
A protester against the Iraq war protesting by showing her blood shaded hands before American Secretary of State Condoles Rice.
The Questions
The questions that never get the correct answers.
Ask a lady about her age.
Ask a gentleman about his salary.
You never get the correct answer.
Ask a lady about her age.
Ask a gentleman about his salary.
You never get the correct answer.
Thursday, November 22, 2007
It’s a GIRL’S world
It’s a Girls world.
If a girl laughs loudly, she’s cheerful,
if a boy laughs loudly he’s manner less.
If a girl talks sweetly she’s charming,
if a boy talks sweetly he’s a flirt.
If a girl shoppes she’s trendy,
if a boy shoppes he’s wasting money.
If a girl’s silent she’s sad,
if a boy’s silent he’s being rude.
If girls walk together, it’s a group,
if boys walk together, it’s a gang.
If girl can’t come 4 dates she’s busy,
if a boy can’t, he’s lying.
Feeling proud to be a girl?
If a girl laughs loudly, she’s cheerful,
if a boy laughs loudly he’s manner less.
If a girl talks sweetly she’s charming,
if a boy talks sweetly he’s a flirt.
If a girl shoppes she’s trendy,
if a boy shoppes he’s wasting money.
If a girl’s silent she’s sad,
if a boy’s silent he’s being rude.
If girls walk together, it’s a group,
if boys walk together, it’s a gang.
If girl can’t come 4 dates she’s busy,
if a boy can’t, he’s lying.
Feeling proud to be a girl?
Wednesday, November 14, 2007
Capitals of Every Country
(The 194 Countries on Earth With Their Capital City or Cities)
1. Afghanistan - Kabul
2. Albania - Tirane
3. Algeria - Algiers
4. Andorra - Andorra la Vella
5. Angola - Luanda
6. Antigua and Barbuda - Saint John's
7. Argentina - Buenos Aires
8. Armenia - Yerevan
9. Australia - Canberra
10. Austria - Vienna
11. Azerbaijan - Baku
12. The Bahamas - Nassau
13. Bahrain - Manama
14. Bangladesh - Dhaka
15. Barbados - Bridgetown
16. Belarus - Minsk
17. Belgium - Brussels
18. Belize - Belmopan
19. Benin - Porto-Novo
20. Bhutan - Thimphu
21. Bolivia - La Paz (Administrative); Sucre (Judicial)
22. Bosnia and Herzegovina - Sarajevo
23. Botswana - Gaborone
24. Brazil - Brasilia
25. Brunei - Bandar Seri Begawan
26. Bulgaria - Sofia
27. Burkina Faso - Ouagadougou
28. Burundi - Bujumbura
29. Cambodia - Phnom Penh
30. Cameroon - Yaounde
31. Canada - Ottawa
32. Cape Verde - Praia
33. Central African Republic - Bangui
34. Chad - N'Djamena
35. Chile - Santiago
36. China - Beijing
37. Colombia - Bogota
38. Comoros - Moroni
39. Congo, Republic of the - Brazzaville
40. Congo, Democratic Republic of the - Kinshasa
41. Costa Rica - San Jose
42. Cote d'Ivoire - Yamoussoukro (Official); Abidjan (de facto)
43. Croatia - Zagreb
44. Cuba - Havana
45. Cyprus - Nicosia
46. Czech Republic - Prague
47. Denmark - Copenhagen
48. Djibouti - Djibouti
49. Dominica - Roseau
50. Dominican Republic - Santo Domingo
51. East Timor (Timor-Leste) - Dili
52. Ecuador - Quito
53. Egypt - Cairo
54. El Salvador - San Salvador
55. Equatorial Guinea - Malabo
56. Eritrea - Asmara
57. Estonia - Tallinn
58. Ethiopia - Addis Ababa
59. Fiji - Suva
60. Finland - Helsinki
61. France - Paris
62. Gabon - Libreville
63. The Gambia - Banjul
64. Georgia - Tbilisi
65. Germany - Berlin
66. Ghana - Accra
67. Greece - Athens
68. Grenada - Saint George's
69. Guatemala - Guatemala City
70. Guinea - Conakry
71. Guinea-Bissau - Bissau
72. Guyana - Georgetown
73. Haiti - Port-au-Prince
74. Honduras - Tegucigalpa
75. Hungary - Budapest
76. Iceland - Reykjavik
77. India - New Delhi
78. Indonesia - Jakarta
79. Iran - Tehran
80. Iraq - Baghdad
81. Ireland - Dublin
82. Israel - Jerusalem
83. Italy - Rome
84. Jamaica - Kingston
85. Japan - Tokyo
86. Jordan - Amman
87. Kazakhstan - Astana
88. Kenya - Nairobi
89. Kiribati - Tarawa Atoll
90. Korea, North - Pyongyang
91. Korea, South - Seoul
92. Kuwait - Kuwait City
93. Kyrgyzstan - Bishkek
94. Laos - Vientiane
95. Latvia - Riga
96. Lebanon - Beirut
97. Lesotho - Maseru
98. Liberia - Monrovia
99. Libya - Tripoli
100. Liechtenstein - Vaduz
101. Lithuania - Vilnius
102. Luxembourg - Luxembourg
103. Macedonia - Skopje
104. Madagascar - Antananarivo
105. Malawi - Lilongwe
106. Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur
107. Maldives - Male
108. Mali - Bamako
109. Malta - Valletta
110. Marshall Islands - Majuro
111. Mauritania - Nouakchott
112. Mauritius - Port Louis
113. Mexico - Mexico City
114. Micronesia, Federated States of - Palikir
115. Moldova - Chisinau
116. Monaco - Monaco
117. Mongolia - Ulaanbaatar
118. Montenegro - Podgorica
119. Morocco - Rabat
120. Mozambique - Maputo
121. Myanmar (Burma) - Rangoon (Yangon); Nay Pyi Taw (Administrative)
122. Namibia - Windhoek
123. Nauru - no official capital; government offices in Yaren District
124. Nepal - Katmandu
125. Netherlands - Amsterdam; The Hague (seat of government)
126. New Zealand - Wellington
127. Nicaragua - Managua
128. Niger - Niamey
129. Nigeria - Abuja
130. Norway - Oslo
131. Oman - Muscat
132. Pakistan - Islamabad
133. Palau - Melekeok
134. Panama - Panama City
135. Papua New Guinea - Port Moresby
136. Paraguay - Asuncion
137. Peru - Lima
138. Philippines - Manila
139. Poland - Warsaw
140. Portugal - Lisbon
141. Qatar - Doha
142. Romania - Bucharest
143. Russia - Moscow
144. Rwanda - Kigali
145. Saint Kitts and Nevis - Basseterre
146. Saint Lucia - Castries
147. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines - Kingstown
148. Samoa - Apia
149. San Marino - San Marino
150. Sao Tome and Principe - Sao Tome
151. Saudi Arabia - Riyadh
152. Senegal - Dakar
153. Serbia - Belgrade
154. Seychelles - Victoria
155. Sierra Leone - Freetown
156. Singapore - Singapore
157. Slovakia - Bratislava
158. Slovenia - Ljubljana
159. Solomon Islands - Honiara
160. Somalia - Mogadishu
161. South Africa - Pretoria (Administrative); Cape Town (Legislative); Bloemfontein (Judiciary)
162. Spain - Madrid
163. Sri Lanka - Colombo; Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (Legislative)
164. Sudan - Khartoum
165. Suriname - Paramaribo
166. Swaziland - Mbabane
167. Sweden - Stockholm
168. Switzerland - Bern
169. Syria - Damascus
170. Taiwan - Taipei
171. Tajikistan - Dushanbe
172. Tanzania - Dar us Salaam; Dodoma (Legislative)
173. Thailand - Bangkok
174. Togo - Lome
175. Tonga - Nuku'alofa
176. Trinidad and Tobago - Port-of-Spain
177. Tunisia - Tunis
178. Turkey - Ankara
179. Turkmenistan - Ashgabat
180. Tuvalu - Vaiaku village, Funafuti Province
181. Uganda - Kampala
182. Ukraine - Kyiv
183. United Arab Emirates - Abu Dhabi
184. United Kingdom - London
185. United States of America - Washington D.C.
186. Uruguay - Montevideo
187. Uzbekistan - Tashkent
188. Vanuatu - Port-Vila
189. Vatican City (Holy See) - Vatican City
190. Venezuela - Caracas
191. Vietnam - Hanoi
192. Yemen - Sanaa
193. Zambia - Lusaka
1. Afghanistan - Kabul
2. Albania - Tirane
3. Algeria - Algiers
4. Andorra - Andorra la Vella
5. Angola - Luanda
6. Antigua and Barbuda - Saint John's
7. Argentina - Buenos Aires
8. Armenia - Yerevan
9. Australia - Canberra
10. Austria - Vienna
11. Azerbaijan - Baku
12. The Bahamas - Nassau
13. Bahrain - Manama
14. Bangladesh - Dhaka
15. Barbados - Bridgetown
16. Belarus - Minsk
17. Belgium - Brussels
18. Belize - Belmopan
19. Benin - Porto-Novo
20. Bhutan - Thimphu
21. Bolivia - La Paz (Administrative); Sucre (Judicial)
22. Bosnia and Herzegovina - Sarajevo
23. Botswana - Gaborone
24. Brazil - Brasilia
25. Brunei - Bandar Seri Begawan
26. Bulgaria - Sofia
27. Burkina Faso - Ouagadougou
28. Burundi - Bujumbura
29. Cambodia - Phnom Penh
30. Cameroon - Yaounde
31. Canada - Ottawa
32. Cape Verde - Praia
33. Central African Republic - Bangui
34. Chad - N'Djamena
35. Chile - Santiago
36. China - Beijing
37. Colombia - Bogota
38. Comoros - Moroni
39. Congo, Republic of the - Brazzaville
40. Congo, Democratic Republic of the - Kinshasa
41. Costa Rica - San Jose
42. Cote d'Ivoire - Yamoussoukro (Official); Abidjan (de facto)
43. Croatia - Zagreb
44. Cuba - Havana
45. Cyprus - Nicosia
46. Czech Republic - Prague
47. Denmark - Copenhagen
48. Djibouti - Djibouti
49. Dominica - Roseau
50. Dominican Republic - Santo Domingo
51. East Timor (Timor-Leste) - Dili
52. Ecuador - Quito
53. Egypt - Cairo
54. El Salvador - San Salvador
55. Equatorial Guinea - Malabo
56. Eritrea - Asmara
57. Estonia - Tallinn
58. Ethiopia - Addis Ababa
59. Fiji - Suva
60. Finland - Helsinki
61. France - Paris
62. Gabon - Libreville
63. The Gambia - Banjul
64. Georgia - Tbilisi
65. Germany - Berlin
66. Ghana - Accra
67. Greece - Athens
68. Grenada - Saint George's
69. Guatemala - Guatemala City
70. Guinea - Conakry
71. Guinea-Bissau - Bissau
72. Guyana - Georgetown
73. Haiti - Port-au-Prince
74. Honduras - Tegucigalpa
75. Hungary - Budapest
76. Iceland - Reykjavik
77. India - New Delhi
78. Indonesia - Jakarta
79. Iran - Tehran
80. Iraq - Baghdad
81. Ireland - Dublin
82. Israel - Jerusalem
83. Italy - Rome
84. Jamaica - Kingston
85. Japan - Tokyo
86. Jordan - Amman
87. Kazakhstan - Astana
88. Kenya - Nairobi
89. Kiribati - Tarawa Atoll
90. Korea, North - Pyongyang
91. Korea, South - Seoul
92. Kuwait - Kuwait City
93. Kyrgyzstan - Bishkek
94. Laos - Vientiane
95. Latvia - Riga
96. Lebanon - Beirut
97. Lesotho - Maseru
98. Liberia - Monrovia
99. Libya - Tripoli
100. Liechtenstein - Vaduz
101. Lithuania - Vilnius
102. Luxembourg - Luxembourg
103. Macedonia - Skopje
104. Madagascar - Antananarivo
105. Malawi - Lilongwe
106. Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur
107. Maldives - Male
108. Mali - Bamako
109. Malta - Valletta
110. Marshall Islands - Majuro
111. Mauritania - Nouakchott
112. Mauritius - Port Louis
113. Mexico - Mexico City
114. Micronesia, Federated States of - Palikir
115. Moldova - Chisinau
116. Monaco - Monaco
117. Mongolia - Ulaanbaatar
118. Montenegro - Podgorica
119. Morocco - Rabat
120. Mozambique - Maputo
121. Myanmar (Burma) - Rangoon (Yangon); Nay Pyi Taw (Administrative)
122. Namibia - Windhoek
123. Nauru - no official capital; government offices in Yaren District
124. Nepal - Katmandu
125. Netherlands - Amsterdam; The Hague (seat of government)
126. New Zealand - Wellington
127. Nicaragua - Managua
128. Niger - Niamey
129. Nigeria - Abuja
130. Norway - Oslo
131. Oman - Muscat
132. Pakistan - Islamabad
133. Palau - Melekeok
134. Panama - Panama City
135. Papua New Guinea - Port Moresby
136. Paraguay - Asuncion
137. Peru - Lima
138. Philippines - Manila
139. Poland - Warsaw
140. Portugal - Lisbon
141. Qatar - Doha
142. Romania - Bucharest
143. Russia - Moscow
144. Rwanda - Kigali
145. Saint Kitts and Nevis - Basseterre
146. Saint Lucia - Castries
147. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines - Kingstown
148. Samoa - Apia
149. San Marino - San Marino
150. Sao Tome and Principe - Sao Tome
151. Saudi Arabia - Riyadh
152. Senegal - Dakar
153. Serbia - Belgrade
154. Seychelles - Victoria
155. Sierra Leone - Freetown
156. Singapore - Singapore
157. Slovakia - Bratislava
158. Slovenia - Ljubljana
159. Solomon Islands - Honiara
160. Somalia - Mogadishu
161. South Africa - Pretoria (Administrative); Cape Town (Legislative); Bloemfontein (Judiciary)
162. Spain - Madrid
163. Sri Lanka - Colombo; Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (Legislative)
164. Sudan - Khartoum
165. Suriname - Paramaribo
166. Swaziland - Mbabane
167. Sweden - Stockholm
168. Switzerland - Bern
169. Syria - Damascus
170. Taiwan - Taipei
171. Tajikistan - Dushanbe
172. Tanzania - Dar us Salaam; Dodoma (Legislative)
173. Thailand - Bangkok
174. Togo - Lome
175. Tonga - Nuku'alofa
176. Trinidad and Tobago - Port-of-Spain
177. Tunisia - Tunis
178. Turkey - Ankara
179. Turkmenistan - Ashgabat
180. Tuvalu - Vaiaku village, Funafuti Province
181. Uganda - Kampala
182. Ukraine - Kyiv
183. United Arab Emirates - Abu Dhabi
184. United Kingdom - London
185. United States of America - Washington D.C.
186. Uruguay - Montevideo
187. Uzbekistan - Tashkent
188. Vanuatu - Port-Vila
189. Vatican City (Holy See) - Vatican City
190. Venezuela - Caracas
191. Vietnam - Hanoi
192. Yemen - Sanaa
193. Zambia - Lusaka
194. Zimbabwe - Harare
Saturday, November 10, 2007
Cure for Dengue Fever
I would like to share this interesting discovery from a classmate's son who has just recovered from dengue fever. Apparently, his son was in the critical stage when his pallet counts drops to 15 after15 liters of blood transfusion.
His father was so worried that he seeks another friend's recommendation and his son was saved. He confessed to me that he give his son raw juice of the papaya leaves. From a pallet count of 45 after 20 liters of blood transfusion, and after drinking the raw papaya leaf juice, his pallet count jumps instantly to 135. Even the doctors and nurses were surprised. After the second day he was discharged. So he asks me to pass this good news around.
Accordingly it is raw papaya leaves, 2pcs just cleaned and pound and squeeze with filter cloth. You will only get one tablespoon per leaf. So two tablespoon per serving once a day. Do not boil or cook or rinse with hot water, it will loose its strength. Only the leafy part and no stem or sap. It is very bitter and you have to swallow it like Won Low Kat. But it works.
Papaya Juice - Cure for Dengue
You may have heard this elsewhere but if not I am glad to inform you that papaya juice is a natural cure for dengue fever. As dengue Fever is rampant now, I think it's good to share this with all.
His father was so worried that he seeks another friend's recommendation and his son was saved. He confessed to me that he give his son raw juice of the papaya leaves. From a pallet count of 45 after 20 liters of blood transfusion, and after drinking the raw papaya leaf juice, his pallet count jumps instantly to 135. Even the doctors and nurses were surprised. After the second day he was discharged. So he asks me to pass this good news around.
Accordingly it is raw papaya leaves, 2pcs just cleaned and pound and squeeze with filter cloth. You will only get one tablespoon per leaf. So two tablespoon per serving once a day. Do not boil or cook or rinse with hot water, it will loose its strength. Only the leafy part and no stem or sap. It is very bitter and you have to swallow it like Won Low Kat. But it works.
Papaya Juice - Cure for Dengue
You may have heard this elsewhere but if not I am glad to inform you that papaya juice is a natural cure for dengue fever. As dengue Fever is rampant now, I think it's good to share this with all.
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